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Orthopedics is a medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of conditions and injuries that affect the musculoskeletal system, which includes bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, and muscles. Orthopedic specialists, known as orthopedists, are trained to manage a wide range of musculoskeletal problems, including fractures, dislocations, sprains, strains, arthritis, and sports injuries. They use a variety of diagnostic tools, such as X-rays, CT scans, and MRI scans, to help identify the underlying cause of a patient’s pain or discomfort. Treatment options for orthopedic conditions vary depending on the severity and location of the problem, but may include physical therapy, medication, surgery, or a combination of these approaches. Orthopedic surgeons are trained to perform a variety of procedures, including joint replacement surgery, spine surgery, and arthroscopy (a minimally invasive surgical technique used to diagnose and treat joint problems). Orthopedists may work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, private practices, sports medicine clinics, and rehabilitation centers. They may also work with other healthcare professionals, such as physical therapists, occupational therapists, and sports medicine specialists, to provide comprehensive care for their patients. To become an orthopedic specialist, one must first complete medical school and become licensed to practice medicine. After completing a residency in orthopedic surgery, a fellowship may be pursued to gain additional specialized training in a particular area of orthopedics. Orthopedists must also pass a national board exam and obtain a state license to practice.